1
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2
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- Preparing the Way
- John Wyclife, “Lollards” (14th century)
- Lorenzo Valla (15th century)
- philology
- Gutenberg (1450s)
- printing
- Erasmus of Rotterdam (early 16th century)
- new New Testament translation, humanism
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3
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- Continental Reformers
- Martin Luther (Germany - 1517)
- Ulrich Zwingli (Switzerland)
- John Calvin (France)
- Henry VIII (1530s)
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4
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- I am persuaded, that without
knowledge of literature pure theology cannot at all endure, just as
heretofore, when letters have declined and lain prostrate, theology,
too, has wretchedly fallen and lain prostrate; nay, I see that there has
never been a great revelation of the Word of God unless He has first
prepared the way by the rise and prosperity of languages and letters, as
though they were John the Baptists.
Certainly it is my desire that there shall be as many poets and
rhetoricians as possible, because I see that by these studies, as by no
other means, people are wonderfully fitted for the grasping of sacred
truth and for handling it skillfully and happily. Therefore I beg of you to urge your
young people to be diligent in the study of poetry and rhetoric.
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5
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- Hierarchical Structure and Offices
- Monasteries and Convents
- Political Institution
- Corrupt Priests
- Superstition
- Sale of Indulgences
- Rituals
- Celibacy of Priests
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6
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- “Sola Fide” (only by faith)
- “Sola scriptura” (the scriptures alone)
- Printing
- "How many printing
presses there be in the world," wrote the Protestant polemicist
John Foxe, "so many blockhouses there be against the high
castle" of the Pope in Rome, "so that either the pope must
abolish knowledge and printing or printing at length will root him
out."
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7
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- And God said, Let there be light, and there was light" (Genesis)
- "Ask, and it shall be given you; seek, and ye shall find; knock,
and it shall be opened unto you" (Matthew 7)
- "With God all things are possible" (Matthew 19)
- "In him we live and move and have our being" (Acts 17)
- "Be not weary in well doing" (2 Thessalonians)
- "Fight the good fight of faith; lay hold on eternal life" (1
Timothy 6)
- "Looking unto Jesus, the author and finisher of our faith"
(Hebrews 12)
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8
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- "Behold, I stand at the door and knock" (Revelation 3)
- "Am I my brother's keeper?" (Genesis 4)
- "The salt of the earth" (Matthew 5)
- "The signs of the times" (Matthew 16)
- "Where two or three are gathered together" (Matthew 18)
- "The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak" (Matthew 26)
- "Eat, drink, and be merry" (Luke 12)
- "The powers that be" (Romans 13)
- "Filthy lucre" (1 Timothy 3)
- "The patience of Job" (James 5)
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9
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- From the KJV:
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Take therefore no thought for the morrow: for the morrow shall
take thought for the things of itself. Sufficient unto the day is the
evil thereof.
- From Tyndale’s:
- Care not then for the morrow,
but let the morrow care for itself: for the day present hath ever enough
of his own trouble
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10
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- From the KJV:
- Suppose ye that I am come to
give peace on earth? I tell you, Nay; but rather division
- From Tyndale’s:
- Suppose ye that I am come to
send peace on earth? I tell you, nay but rather debate.
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